紫外光固化WPUA/WATO纳米透明隔热涂料的制备

合成了可紫外光固化的水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液(WPUA),并与水性纳米氧化锡锑分散液(WATO)共混制备了UV固化WPUA/WATO纳米透明隔热涂料。考察了不同WATO添加量对涂料黏度、贮存稳定性、粒径分布及涂层综合性能、光学性能和隔热性的影响。结果表明WATO添加量为15%时,涂膜综合性能最好,隔热性能较好,平衡温差5.0°C,红外光阻隔率为80.2%,可见光透过率为80.3%。     

Cu/Zn比对CuO/ZnO/ZrO_2催化CO_2加氢合成甲醇性能的影响

研究了不同Cu/Zn摩尔比对CO2加氢合成甲醇催化性能的影响。采用草酸凝胶共沉淀法制备了一系列不同Cu/Zn摩尔比的Cu O/Zn O/Zr O2催化剂,考察不同温度及Cu/Zn摩尔比对催化性能的影响,并结合X射线衍射(XRD)、N2物理吸附、程序升温还原(H2-TPR)和程序升温脱附(H2/CO2-TPD)技术对催化剂的结构和性质进行表征。结果表明:适宜的Cu/Zn摩尔比可以提高催化剂的反应性能。在513 K,2.0 MPa,n(H2)/n(CO2)=3/1和GHSV=4 800 h-1反应条件下,当R(Cu/Zn)=4时,Cu O/Zn O/Zr O2催化剂反应性能最好,CO2转化率高达17.8%,甲醇选择性高达67.8%。     

阴极等离子电解沉积Ni和Ni-Al_2O_3纳米涂层

采用电极移动液流式阴极等离子电解在304不锈钢基体上沉积Ni和Ni-Al2O3纳米涂层,研究了溶液组成和电参数对Ni和Ni-Al2O3涂层结构和性能的影响。涂层形貌观察表明,阴极等离子电解沉积的Ni和Ni-Al2O3涂层具有熔融后快速凝固的特征,涂层与基体具有冶金结合。根据XRD的衍射峰宽计算了涂层的晶粒尺寸,结果表明制备的涂层具有纳米结构。元素分析结果证明,Ni-Al2O3涂层中含有少量的纳米Al2O3颗粒,且表面的Al2O3含量比涂层中高。纳米Al2O3颗粒弥散在Ni中显著提高了涂层的显微硬度和耐磨性能。     

锂离子电池隔膜生产技术与研究进展

综述无纺布隔膜、纳米纤维涂覆隔膜、纳米陶瓷颗粒涂覆隔膜及纳米陶瓷颗粒掺杂复合隔膜的静电纺丝、湿法掺杂生产方法;介绍这4种隔膜的耐高温、良好的吸液性能和高倍率充放电等特点。     

Synthesis of alginate beads filled with nanohydroxyapatite: An efficient approach for fluoride sorption

Nanohydroxyapatite (n‐HAp) powder is a promising adsorbent material with high defluoridation capacity (DC); however, it causes pressure drop during field applications. To overcome such problems and utilize the advantages of n‐HAp, it is aimed to prepare n‐HAp in a usable bead form with the support of alginate (Alg) biopolymer. n‐HApAlgLa composite beads were synthesized by introducing n‐HAp powder in Alg polymeric gel, and the resulting solution was dropped into La³⁺ ions for crosslinking. Defluoridation experiments were carried out in batch mode to optimize various influencing parameters like contact time, pH, challenger anions, initial fluoride concentrations, and temperature. The beads were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray analyzer analysis. The sorption process was explained using diverse isotherms and kinetic models. The values of thermodynamic parameters indicate that the nature of fluoride is spontaneous and endothermic in nature. In field studies, n‐HApAlgLa beads reduce the fluoride concentration below the tolerance limit. The regeneration and reusability studies were proposed to effectively use the sorbent. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41937.     

纳米TiO2涂料光催化清除空气中主要污染物的研究

纳米TiO2涂料光催化实验结果表明：甲醛、二氧化硫和二氧化氮在载体和玻璃上的吸附作用相当地弱。采用黑光灯和带有栽体的玻璃板时，紫外光对甲醛、二氧化硫和二氧化氮的浓度降低的影响并不大，但当采用涂有纳米TiO2涂料的玻璃板并将其暴露在紫外光中，40min内将使80％以上的甲醛分解成二氧化碳和水，18min内能将98％以上的二氧化硫氧化成硫酸盐，11min内能将95％以上的二氧化氮氧化成硝酸盐。且紫外光强度对二氧化氮和二氧化硫的氧化效果也有较大影响。认为该涂料确可用于室内外空气的净化。     

掺银纳米TiO2P内墙涂料的制备及性能研究

以自制的掺银纳米TiO2为功能性组分,制备纳米TiO2光催化改性涂料,并对其抗菌性、去除有机物性能及理化性能等进行了研究。实验表明,该涂料在可见光下具有优异的抗菌性、降解苯及甲醛的功能。     

机械球磨法制备纳米HNS及其热分解性能

为细化六硝基茋(HNS),采用高能球磨法制备出了平均粒径为94.8 nm的纳米HNS炸药。用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、红外(IR)、X光电子能谱(XPS)、DSC-IR和5 s爆发点,进行了HNS样品的表征和分析。结果表明,球磨后炸药的微观形貌呈类球形,粒度呈正态分布。机械球磨作用并未改变HNS原有的晶型、分子结构、及表面元素,说明该制备纳米HNS方法十分可靠。纳米HNS热分解的表观活化能较原料HNS高12.4 kJ·mol~(-1),说明纳米HNS分子的活化需要更高的能量。纳米HNS被加热后分解成了大量的CO_2和少量H_2O,而N元素以非极性的N_2分子存在。纳米HNS的5s爆发点(T_(5s))较原料高12.2℃,说明纳米HNS具有更低的热感度。     

Synthesis and characterizations of Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4-MWCNTs composites for their application in sea bed logging

Sea bed logging is new technique for the detection of hydrocarbon reservoir. Magnitude of EM waves is important for the detection of deep target hydrocarbon reservoir below 4000 m from the sea floor. A new aluminium based EM transmitter is developed and NiZn (Ni_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄) ferrite with and with out multiwall carbon nano tubes (MWCNTs) polymer composites as magnetic feeders are used in a scaled tank. Nickel zinc ferrite plays an important role in many applications due to its best magnetic properties. Nanocrystalline NiZn (Ni_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄) ferrite and novel Ni_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄-MWCNTs composites were prepared by sol-gel route. The samples were sintered at 750-950 °C and were characterized by XRD, FESEM, HRTEM and Raman spectroscopy. Single phase of Ni_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄ having [3 1 1] major peak was obtained by sol-gel method at 750 °C and 950 °C. FESEM micrographs show that grain size increases with the increase of sintering temperature and ranges from 24 to 60 nm. FESEM and HRTEM results showed coating of Ni_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄ on MWCNTs and show better morphology at the sintering temperature of 750 °C. The magnetic properties measured from impedance vector network analyzer showed that sample (Ni_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄-MWCNTs) sintered at 750 °C have higher initial permeability (20.043), Q-factor (50.047), and low loss factor (0.0001) as compared Ni_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄-MWCNTs sintered at 950 °C. Due to better magnetic properties, Sample (Ni_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄-MWCNTs sintered at 750 °C) composites were used as magnetic feeders for the EM transmitter. It was found that magnitude of EM waves from EM transmitter increased up to 243% by using Ni_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄-MWCNTs polymer composites.     

化工园区含苯消防废水处理研究

以40 min为限制,讨论了采用错流过滤方式的胶束强化超滤技术对含苯消防废水的去除效果.试验表明,当加入苯的质量浓度为4 g·L-1、蛋白泡沫灭火剂的体积分数为1∶640、阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)浓度为1 mmol· L-1、pH=7、跨膜压差Ap=0.28 MPa时,苯去除率为88.0％,出水通量达到0.77× 10-3 L· m-2· h-1 Pa-1.上述条件下,加入纳米二氧化硅0.75 g·L-1,能使苯去除率快速提高到99.8％,通量达到0.85×10-3 L.m-2.h-1.pa-1.